True or False: Passive solar water heaters operate without efficiency limitations imposed by the second law of thermodynamics.

Passive solar water heaters are systems designed to capture and utilize sunlight to heat water without the use of mechanical devices. While they can be quite effective, they are still subject to the laws of thermodynamics, including the second law, which states that energy transformations are not 100% efficient and that heat naturally flows from warmer to cooler areas.

In the case of passive solar water heating, efficiency can be influenced by several factors, such as the ambient temperature, the design of the system, and the materials used in construction. Even though passive systems do not use pumps or external energy sources, they still experience losses due to heat dissipation and imperfect thermal absorption.

Therefore, the correct answer is that passive solar water heaters do have efficiency limitations imposed by the second law of thermodynamics, making the statement false.